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Sign In. Search Dropdown Menu. header search search input Search input auto suggest. filter your search All Content All Journals Blood. Toggle Menu Menu Issues Current Issue All Issues First edition Abstracts Annual Meeting Annual Meeting Late Breaking Annual Meeting Late Breaking All Meeting Abstracts Collections Collections Special Collections Multimedia Alerts Author Center Submit Author Guide Style Guide Why Submit to Blood?

About About Blood Editorial Board and Staff Subscriptions Public Access Copyright Alerts Blood Classifieds. Skip Nav Destination. Volume ,. View This Issue. Latest in Blood. DOI: View All Free Articles. Lenalidomide promotes the development of TP53 -mutated therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. Adam S. Sperling; Veronica A. Guerra; James A. The Marbled Lungfish has the largest known animal genome. Its genome is made up of billion base pairs, which is about Comparatively, small viruses and bacteria have fewer base pairs.

The Hepatitis D virus has only 1, base pairs, while E. coli bacteria has 4. In fact, there are still a ton of unanswered questions in the field of genome research. Why do some species have small genomes? Why do some have a ton of redundant DNA? These are still questions being investigated by scientists today. Connect with us. The Composition of Blood Have you ever wondered what blood is made up of?

What is Blood Made Up Of? These include: Albumins These proteins keep fluids from leaking out of blood vessels into other parts of the body. They also transport important molecules like calcium and help neutralize toxins. Globulins These play an important role in clotting blood and fighting infections and are also transporters of hormones, minerals, and fats.

Fibrinogen and Prothrombin Both of these proteins help stop bleeding by facilitating the creation of blood clots during wound-healing.

Formed Elements There are three categories of formed elements in blood: platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. Platelets Thrombocytes Platelets are cells from the immune system with the primary function of forming clots to reduce bleeding from wounds.

This makes them critical not only for small wounds like cuts but also for surgeries and traumatic injuries. White blood cells Leukocytes White blood cells protect our bodies from infection. There are five types of white blood cells with different roles in fighting infections: some attack foreign cells and viruses, some produce antibodies, some clean up dead cells, and some respond to allergens.

Red blood cells Erythrocytes Red blood cells deliver fresh oxygen and nutrients all over the body. They contain a special protein called hemoglobin, which carries oxygen and gives blood its bright red color. Abnormal Red Blood Cells Normal red blood cells are round, flattened disks that are thinner in the middle. Here are the types of abnormal red blood cells and their associated diseases: Sickle cell anemia is a well-known disease that affects the shape of red blood cells.

The Functions of Blood We know that blood is vital, but what does it actually do in the body? For starters, here are some of the functions of blood: Blood transports oxygen to different parts of the body, providing an energy source.

It also delivers carbon dioxide to the lungs for exhalation. The platelets, white blood cells, and plasma proteins in blood play an important role in fighting infections and clotting. Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form. Hi there, we see you're using OS , why not try our app? Skip to main content. Auxiliary nav Who we are What we do How we help How you can help Careers News.

Your account Appointments About you Log out. Create an account. Plasma About plasma Who can donate plasma Where to donate plasma How to donate plasma. Why give blood Demand for different blood types Blood types How blood is used Who you could help. Who can give blood Can I give blood? Getting an appointment Health and Eligibility Travel considerations Occupation considerations Men who have sex with men Donors and disability.

The donation process Giving blood for the first time Registering online Preparing to give blood What happens on the day After your donation About our donation venues Further information Recognising donors.

Medical News Today. Health Conditions Discover Tools Connect. How does blood work, and what problems can occur? Medically reviewed by Meredith Goodwin, MD, FAAFP — By Adam Felman — Updated on July 13, Structure Functions Blood groups Disorders Summary Blood is a combination of plasma and cells that circulate through the body.

Blood groups. How we vetted this article: Sources. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations.

We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Share this article. Latest news Dogs or cats? For highly emotional people, this animal may offer better support.

Almonds can help support the gut microbiome, study claims. Dementia: Best evidence yet on how lowering blood pressure cuts risk. Breast cancer: Advances in chemotherapy are making surgery less common. Vaping may be just as dangerous to vascular health as smoking, study finds. Related Coverage. Advantages and disadvantages of donating blood Medically reviewed by Kevin Martinez, MD.

What to know about blood plasma. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.